Flex Therapist CEUs

Dancer Injuries and Wellness

Musculoskeletal Injuries in Dance: A Systematic Review

1. Using the GRADE framework, a strong recommendation for the use of comprehensive medical management for the reduction of injury rate in dancers is advocated in the absence of stronger evidence.

A. True B. False

2. Using the GRADE system, an overall rating of evidence for _____ outcome was very low.

A. Injury rate B. Injury reduction C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of the above

Chronic Inflammation and Neutrophil Activation as Possible Causes of Joint Diseases in Ballet Dancers

3. Dancing has been found to improve:

A. Motor control B. Attention C. Physical fitness D. All of the above

4. Which of the following have been reported in ballerinas?

A. Acute and chronic lesions consisting of osteochondral stress. B. Nonstress fractures in the lower extremities and feet. C. Degenerative arthritis of multiple joints. D. All of the above.

5. The body positions in classical ballet are contrary to natural anatomical tendencies and may generate joint misalignments in ballerinas.

A. True B. False

6. Dancing can result in muscle injury, which promotes the release of which skeletal muscle enzyme normally found in the cytosol and thus the appearance in the serum indicates muscular lesion?

A. Creatine kinase B. Lactate dehydrogenase C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of the above

7. When inflammation and/or strenuous exercise are prolonged, the initial inflammatory response results in the production of hormones related to stress and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as _____, which decrease immunoglobulin concentrations.

A. IL-4 B. IL-6 C. TNF-alpha D. All of the above

8. Activated _____ is a common finding in chronic inflammation?

A. Eosinophils B. Neutrophils C. Basophils D. Monocytes

9. In ballerinas, the most important cause of increased arthritis and arthrosis may be partially explained by repetitive microtrauma that results in chronic inflammation.

A. True B. False

10. A simple ballet class increases the concentration and activation of CK, LDH, and IL-4.

A. True B. False

11. Which of the following was not affected in the conditions studied?

A. Muscular lesions B. IgG and IgA blood levels C. Neutrophil necrosis D. All of the above were affected

12. Which of the following is a hypothesis for exercise-induced apoptosis?

A. The elimination of excessive cells that appear during exercise is a physiological response. B. Normal regulatory processes that serve to remove certain damaged cells do so without a pronounced inflammatory response. C. Apoptosis is the body’s response to excessive oxidative stress. D. All of the above.

13. Which are the first cells to migrate to the site of injury and are responsible for local cleaning, phagocytosing pathogens, and removing cellular debris?

A. Eosinophils B. Neutrophils C. Basophils D. Monocytes

14. The results of this study demonstrate that neutrophils are more responsive to PMA stimuli immediately after a ballet class.

A. True B. False

Developing a dancer wellness program employing developmental evaluation

15. Which of the following is a key feature of a developmental evaluation within social innovation?

A. Framing the issue B. Testing iterations C. Tracking the trajectory of the innovation D. All of the above

16. Further evaluation is recommended for any dancer who is not able to perform the one-leg static balance task in which the dancer stands on one leg in parallel position with the opposite foot off the ground in a hip flexed / knee flexed position in which the raised leg does not make contact with the standing leg with their eyes closed for at least:

A. 30 seconds B. 20 seconds C. 10 seconds D. 5 seconds

Visit us at https://www.flextherapistceus.com