Flex Therapist CEUs

Low Level Laser Therapy and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

1. Diabetic polyneuropathy affects only small sensory afferent nerve fibers.

A. True B. False

2. In many patients with diabetic neuropathy, pain will develop as a symptom and be localized to the lower extremities, primarily all of the following, except:

A. Soles B. Heels C. Toes D. Pain is primarily localized in all of the above in patients with diabetic neuropathy

3. Several clinical and experimental research studies on peripheral nerve injuries used LLLT because it:

A. Promotes microcirculation in the irradiated area. B. Increases the rate of axon growth and myelination. C. Improves regeneration of the injured nerve. D. Research studies use LLLT because it does all of the above actions.

4. The nerve damage of polyneuropathy is attributed mostly to:

A. Mild segmental demyelination. B. Axonal degeneration. C. It is equally attributed to both mild segmental demyelination and axonal degeneration. D. It is not attributed to either mild segmental demyelination or axonal degeneration.

5. The impairment of peripheral nerve function in diabetic individuals should be regarded as:

A. A neurological complication of the disease B. A neurological manifestation of the disease C. Both a neurological complication and a neurological manifestation of the disease D. Neither a neurological complication nor a neurological manifestation of the disease

6. The present study showed that _____ improved amplitude, distal latency, and bilateral perineal motor nerve conduction velocity.

A. Pulsed electromagnetic field B. Low-level laser therapy C. Both pulsed electromagnetic field and low-level laser therapy D. Neither pulsed electromagnetic field nor low-level laser therapy

7. The study results demonstrated non-significant pain relief in all patients in both groups.

A. True B. False

8. Studies have concluded that laser irradiation does all of the following, except for:

A. Induces satellite cell proliferation B. Prevents motor cell degeneration C. Allows higher neural metabolism D. Increases myelination and axon regeneration

9. This study clearly demonstrated a significant positive effect of LLLT on improvement of nerve conduction velocity on distal symmetric polyneuropathy.

A. True B. False

10. Recently, it has been observed that pulsed electromagnetic field modulates which of the following in vivo?

A. The neurite growth B. Nerve regeneration C. Both the neurite growth and nerve regeneration D. Neither the neurite growth nor nerve regeneration

11. The reduction of pain intensity was better after treatment of PEMF.

A. True B. False

12. PEMF can modulate the action of hormones, antibodies, and neurotransmitter surface receptor sites of a variety of cell types.

A. True B. False

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